Unfortunately, with regards to the Philippines it does not work like this.
First of all, the Philippines does not have a 183-day-rule. This being the Philippines (where everything is a bit different to the rest of the world), in order to become a tax resident a person has to have the intention to reside permanently in the country (make PH the person's permanent habitual abode). This condition excludes any and all people with︀ visa extensions - they are not considered to be "resident aliens", even if they︁ stay the entire year in PH. Reason: A simple visa extension is not indefinite, however the indefinite remark is needed. To give an example, a visa 13a would be︂ indefinite. Also a resident permit under E.O. 1037 (Special Resident Retirees Visa -SRRV) is indefinite,︃ hence qualifies for being a tax resident from the onset.
So, in order to get︄ the necessary documents (certificate of the residence, community tax certificate, national tax id ...) a︅ person needs to have a permanent and indefinite residence permit of the Philippines.
Do not︆ confuse a residence permit with a simple tourist ACR-I card!
Please note that the Philippines is not a territorial taxation country.
There is only an exclusion of resident aliens and certain groups of citizens (e.g. OFW's) from︉ worldwide taxation.
The difficulty here: Quite a lot of Filipinos have dual citizenship. Once retired︊ some of them return to the Philippines and settle there for their Golden Years. At︋ first a logical decision since living costs are very low. However, very often the decision︌ proofs to be costly since they are taxesd on their worldwide income because of not︍ being considered a "resident alien". That means a tax rate of up to︎ 35%. Not exactly cheap!