There's nothing wrong with Labuan. In fact, if you hit the substance requirements and basically︀ run your business outside of Labuan, 3% on Net profits in a jurisdiction with real︁ banks (gosh!) is a sweet deal.
What you are referring to is that Malaysia, including︂ companies, has a territorial tax system.
That would mean that this income will need to︃ originate from a subsidiary or permanent establishment that really generates the profit by working OUT︄ of the jurisdiction. That will obviously mean it will need to be tax resident in︅ said jurisdiction. That would mean that you're not making any tax savings unless it's a︆ real 0% jurisdiction (UAE, Caymans, Bahamas, Turks Caicos, Anguilla, BVI and a couple of others).︇ At the very least you need to have employees there and travel one-two-three times a︈ year to make strategic business decisions and document them. The only real benefit would seem︉ that you could hide a tax-free jurisdiction inside a Malaysia company, but you'd still have︊ to use the billing address of the tax free P.E. to bill your clients, so︋ it will be obvious.
Further that, you'd be pissing off Malaysian tax, you may hit︌ general anti-avoidance rules and you'll have little chance convincing a Malay CPA of taking your︍ company on with these shenanigans in mind.
It's not designed for this. Labuan is.
To comment on other aspects:
- If you run your business from a country that is︎ not the country where its registered, 99,99% it will need to be tax resident where️ you run it from. Legally, same goes for Thailand.
- The tax exemption for foreign sourced profits in Thailand is exactly that: only foreign sourced profits. Plus, they need to be booked and stay abroad for a year (not enough to just get paid by your client on the company, need to distribute dividends and keep on personal account). Enforcement, as others have said, is near to none, but that's something I would never stake on.
- Philippines also excludes foreign sourced income of foreigners. With less silly rules. But it still needs to be genuinely foreign sourced.
Oh, and Laos - shithole.